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Kenelm Winslow |
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Ellenor Newton |
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Kenelm Winslow ★ (Edward, Magdalene) was born on April 29, 1599 in Droitwich, Worcestershire, England HO14, CU15, and was christened at St. Peter’s Church in Droitwich on May 3, 1599 HO14, AN5, CU15, AP1. According to “an ancient Bible in the possession of Mr. Isaac Winslow”, Kenelm Winslow, the son of Edward Winslow, was baptized on May 3, 1599 and was born the Monday before this date, SH24, indicating his birth occurred on April 30, 1599. He was the brother of Governor Edward Winslow HO14, AN5. The most probable years in which Kenelm immigrated to Plymouth with his brother, Josiah (Josias), were 1629 HO14 or 1631 AN5, WH15. Peter Follansbee wrote an article, “Connecting a London-Trained Joiner to 1630s Plymouth Colony”, which theorized that Kenelm’s apprenticeship as a joiner to Abraham Worthington began circa 1617 FO2. Mr. Follansbee cited Masters’ and Wardens’ Account Book, Joiners’ and Ceilers’ Company of London, 1621-1828, which indicated that “Kenelme Winslowe”, who had been the apprentice of Abraham Worthington, gave the Company a silver spoon, along with three shillings and four pence FO2. As a joiner, he would have been prevented from providing his services and products to any person outside Plymouth Colony, until the needs of the Colony had been adequately met, according to a law enacted on March 29, 1626 PU3.
Kenelm was admitted as a freeman on January 1, 1632/3 SH9, HO14, AN5, and one week later he and Josias purchased a house from Francis Eaton AN5 for twenty-six pounds SH9. His name, as “Kenelm Wynslow”, was written on a list of the names of freemen of Plymouth in 1633 SH9. On January 6, 1633/4, Kenelm, who was a joiner (perhaps both a joiner and a planter HO14), hired an apprentice named Samuel Jenny FO2, AN5. A contract between the two stipulated a four-year term, rather than the normal seven years FO2.
Kenelm was listed on a Plymouth Colony tax list on March 25, 1633, at which time he was assessed twelve shillings in corn SH9, AN5, and he married Ellenor Newton Adams in June 1634 HO14, AN3, AN5. The exact date of his marriage was not recorded in the records of Plymouth Colony, but simply stated that in the year of 1634, “June. Kenelme Winsloe & Elen Adames, widdow, wer married” SH9. He was a Plymouth Colony assessor in March 1634 AN5. Kenelm hired another apprentice in 1635, John Gardiner, but this apprenticeship did not last longer than one year FO2.
He was on the Committee regarding Laborer’s Wages on January 5, 1635/6, a member of the Grand Jury on March 7, 1636/7 and June 5, 1638, and was a member of trial juries in June and October 1636 AN5, SH9. On March 5, 1637/8, he and Love Brewster received land at Greene’s Harbor, next to the land owned by Josias AN5, CU15. On February 4, 1638/9, he was in the Court of Assistants as the defendant because Richard Church complained “against Kenelme Winslowe, in an action vpon the case, to the damages of xiiijs [fourteen shillings], which the Court awarded the plaintiffe, & charges of the suite” SH15. At the General Court at New Plymouth on June 5, 1638, he was a witness in a trial in which Stephen Hopkins was accused of selling beer and wine at inflated prices SH9. On this same date, Kenelm was also listed as a sworn member of the Grand Inquest, or Grand Jury SH9. He was elected as the surveyor of the highways for Plymouth on March 5, 1638/9, but in 1640 he neglected the highways, and he was fined ten shillings HO14, AN5, SH9. The court record stated SH9:
Forasmuch as great complaint is made that the heigh wayes about the colony are in decay, it is ordered by the Court, that some shalbe joyned wth the constables to survey the wayes about eich towne, and cause men to repaire them, vizt, for Plymouth, Kenelme Winslow & John Barnes.
Both he and James Cudworth served as jury members for the General Court on June 4, 1639 in two cases, and later that year on September 3, they both served again at the General Court in New Plymouth as jurors in two additional trials SH15.
He moved to Marshfield circa 1641 TH15, CU15 or by the year 1643 AN5, and he settled between Green Harbor and South River TH15, CU15. John Shawe may have been a neighbor of the Winslows, for on February 1, 1640/1, a jury was directed to determine the boundaries between their properties at “Playne Dealeinge” (also known as “Plain Dealing”) SH10. On December 7, 1641, Kenelm was the plaintiff in a case against John Shawe at the General Court in New Plymouth on SH15:
Kenelme Winslow complains against John Shawe thelder, in action of trespas vpon the case, to the damages of xli [ten pounds]. The jury fynd for the plaintiff, and assesse 6s [six shillings] damages, and the charges of the suite.
He and Francis West were Grand Jurymen for Marshfield on March 1, 1641/2, and on June 7, 1642, he and Thomas Bourne were chosen as the committee members for Marshfield SH10, AN5. He and Nathaniell Thomas represented Marshfield again on September 27, 1642 at the General Court at Plymouth, in which a possible war with the local Native Americans population was discussed; a general strategy was laid out, men were chosen for the war council, and the soldiers’ wages were determined SH10. He and Robert Waterman were selected to represent Marshfield on August 29, 1643, and later that year on October 10, he shared that responsibility with Josias Winslow SH10, AN5.
Kenelm, his brother Josias, and Thomas Burne were the defendants “in an action of trespas vpon the case” brought to the General Court at New Plymouth on March 5, 1643/4 by John Mynard; in this case, the plaintiff was awarded full damages of twenty pounds (xxli), in addition to court costs SH15. The word “trespass” had a much broader definition than it currently does, and on March 3, 1644/5 Kenelm himself made two complaints against two men, William Hoskine and John Groomes, “in an action of trespas vpon the case” SH15. Kenelm lost the case against John Groomes, and he was assessed two pence (ijd) in damages, plus the cost of the suit SH15. In the case against William Hoskine, the jury decided that “tenn shillings worth of corne” should be paid to Mary, the wife of John Winslow SH15. He and Robert Waterman were again chosen to represent Marshfield on June 5, 1644 SH10, AN5.
Next commenced what may have been a dark period for Kenelm; first, on June 4, 1645, Kenelm stated before the court that justice had not resulted following the suit in which he was involved against John Mynard, and after a court-ordered investigation, Kenelm was sentenced to prison and fined ten pounds AN5, SH10. After this, he seemed to change his mind and was subsequently released, and he later paid the fine AN5, SH10. Less than a year later, on May 5, 1646, he had a disagreement with Roger Chaundler, the father of a young woman who, in Kenelm’s opinion, needed to perform some type of additional duty for Kenelm before he would give her her clothes AN5, SH10. Her father, Mr. Chaundler, took Kenelm to court, which ruled that Kenelm should give this young woman her clothing AN5, SH10; this clothing may have been a type of payment. Later the very same day, Kenelm criticized the Marshfield church, and declared the church members to be liars, for which he was instructed by the court “to find sureties for his good behavior”, but when he refused, he was incarcerated AN5, SH10. He remained in prison until the next General Court session AN5, SH10, but this did not appear to affect his standing with the community, for he and Peter Collimore were chosen as the constables for Marshfield on June 1, 1647 AN5, SH10.
He was again paired with Robert Waterman to represent Marshfield in June 1649 and June 1650, but the following June, the elected Marshfield representatives were Kenelm and Josiah Winslow SH10. He was the administrator of the estate of James Adams, who died at sea in January 1651 RO6. He acted as the Deputy for Marshfield for the Plymouth General Court in 1652 and 1653, being appointed on the seventh of June for each of those years AN5, SH11. Kenelm was involved in the inventory of the estates of several deceased individuals, such as Thomas Howell of Marshfield on May 31, 1648, Henry Drayton on December 12, 1651, and John Barker of Marshfield on December 17, 1652 RO6. Kenelm and twelve additional men presented to the court on May 3, 1653 their findings about the deaths of John Barker and John Browning, stating that they “came by theire death by the casualty of the sea… by our best apprehencions, December the 14th, 1652” SH11.
At court on March 7, 1653/4, Kenelm “complained against John Soule for speakeing falsly of and scandalicing his daughter in carying diuers falce reports betwixt Josiah Standish and her”, but the case was delayed SH11. It was brought back before the court on June 8, 1654, when he and Josias Winslow, Jr. (most likely his nephew) were the plaintiffs in a case against John Soule, in which they accused John Soule of defamation SH15. It seems as though the Winslows sought two hundred pounds in damages, and while they won the case, they were awarded ten pounds, in addition to the charges of the suit SH15. Two days prior to that court date, Kenelm had been sworn as a member of the Grand Inquest SH11, AN5.
He was a member of the Coroner’s Jury on February 14, 1654/5 AN5, charged with investigating the death of Henery Draiton, whose cause of death was essentially exposure to the elements, “hee died… through the violence of the season and ouer trauelling” SH11. At the General Court at Plymouth on June 6, 1655, Kenelm testified that “Josepth Bedle” testified under oath that he (Josepth) took a log from a servant boy, John Walker SH15. In this case, Susanna Latham was on trial for cruelty toward her deceased servant, a boy named John Walker, who was mistreated and forced “to carry a logg beyond his strength” SH15. Kenelm participated as a member of the Committee for Provisions for the Governor on June 3, 1657 AN5; this committee was particularly responsible for the task of securing the store of gunpowder SH11. On March 7, 1659/60 at the General Court in Plymouth SH15:
Mr. Kenelme Winslow complained against Christopher Winter, the cunstable of Marshfeild, in an action of trespas on the case, to the damage of ten pounds, for takeing away his goods vpon distresse, vpon a rate vnjustly, as hee conceiues, by those whom the towne of Marshfeild appointed. The jury find for the defendant the cost of the suit.
This particular Kenelm may have been either the father or the son, for by this time, Kenelm Winslow, Jr. was of age and was probably still a resident of the area, rather than of Yarmouth.
On April 2, 1659, Kenelm and twenty-five other men purchased land in Assonet from the Native American Wampanoag tribe, which is now part of Freetown, Massachusetts HO14, CU1, CU15. Josias and Kenelm became involved in a land dispute that they were unable to resolve by themselves; they resorted to the Court of His Majesty on October 25, 1668 SH15. Josias sought damages of 105 pounds, because “Kanelme continueth to molest him… in reference to a parsell of meddow, in the said towne”, which was Marshfield SH15. This particular piece of land was between Saddler’s Point and a parcel of upland owned by Kenelm SH15. As the defendant, Kenelm won this case, and Josias requested and was granted a review of the action, but four months later he withdrew this request SH15.
Kenelm created his will on August 8, 1672 MA24, HO14, AN5, which was witnessed by Daniell Weed (or Weld) and William Bowditch and was proved in the court at Plymouth on June 5, 1673 MA24. His son, Nathaniel, and his wife, “Ellinor”, were each to receive one half of the farm that Kenelm had most recently lived on, and after the death of Ellenor, the entirety of the farm would then be under the ownership of Nathaniel MA24, AN5. Of his land in Namassakett (Nemasket), he left fifty acres apiece to his son, Job, and his grandson, Kanelme Baker MA24, AN5. He bequeathed five pounds to his daughter, Ellinor MA24, AN5. The inventory of his estate was conducted by John Bourne, Anthony Snow, and Josias Winslow on September 25, 1672 MA24. His will and the inventory of his estate have been transcribed below MA24:
In the Name of God Amen on the eight day of this p[re]sent month of August one thousand six hundred seaventy and two I Kanelm Winslow Sen’r being very sick and drawing nye vnto death yett sound in my mind praised be God for the same doe Constitute and order this as my last will and Testament
Impri[mis]: I Comitt my body to the Ground; and my
soule vnto God that Gave it;
Item my will is That what estate I have formerly settled on my eldest son Kanelme, that it shall Remaine vnaltered; Item my will is that my son Nathaniel: shall have the halfe of my farme, that I last lived vpon with all the appurtenainces, as I gave him by a former deed of Gift; and the other half of my farme to my wife, for the tearme of her naturall life, with all my Cattle stock and goods within dores and without; and that after the decease of my wife Ellinor Winslow the said half of the former shall Returne vnto my son Nathaniel: and that my wife in the mean time shall not have any power to dispose of the movables or stock of Cattle, without the Consent of Major Josias Winslow, and my son Kanelme Winslow, whom I appoint overseers
Item my will is that my son Job shall have half of my land att Namassakett which is about fifty acrees more or lesse; and the other fifty acrees or therabouts vnto Kanelme Baker my Grandchild I Give
Item to my daughter Ellinor I Give five pounds, That is in the hands of Samuell Nash Marshall, att Plymouth, for the p[re]sent yeer vpon an execution from John Soule;
Item that my wife shall att her decease Give vnto Mary Addams an equall portion of the Goods and Moveables as to the Rest of my Grand Children,
Item I doe Constitute my wife sole Exequitrix and order her to discharge what is spent on my funarall and all the other expenses I have bin att in the time of my sicknes, In witnes wherof I have heervnto sett my hand and seale the day and yeare above written;
An Inventory of the whole estate of Mr Kenelme Winslow deceased the 12 of September 1672 taken by vs whose names are vnderwritten this 25 of the 7th month 1672 [September 25, 1672] and exhibited to the Court held at Plymouth the fist [the previous word was written as “fiſt”, but it probably was meant to have been “fift” or “fifth”, rather than “first”] of June 1673 on the oath of Nathaniel: Winslow as followeth;
The one half of the dwelling house and housing and meddow lands and uplands belonging to the said farme, hee had, lived on and now died possessed off in the Towne of Marshfeild… The one half of all the lands Grannted him by the Court, with the ancient Freemen which lyeth on the west syde of Taunton River either devided or to be devided hereafter… The one half of the portion of land Granted by the Court to him and his brother Josias Winslow vpon the accoumpt of theire Brother Gilbert Winslow as hee was a first Comer… one house… 2 oxen… 5 Cowes… 2 three yeare old heiffers… 3 calves 1 2 yeare old… swine… his wearing apparell… 1 feather bed and bolster 2 pillowes & pillow beares… 1 paire of sheats three blanketts one Rugg 2 Curtaines and the bedsteed… 3 paire of sheets… 1 trundle bedsted 1 flock bed 1 feather bolster… 1 Cuverled 1 Red blanket… 4 pillow beares… 1 Table Cloth and 6 napkins of fine linnine… 1 Course table Cloth and 6 napkins… 2 Chests and one Trunk… working tooles… 1 longe Table and a forme… 5 Chaires… 1 sword & belt and a paire of shott moulds… 1 bible and 7 other bookes… 1 looking glasse… pewter dishes and potts and porringers & spoones… 1 smoothing Iron… earthen ware… more earthen ware… tin ware and trenchers… a brasse kettle a warming pan 2 pothangers and other brasse skillets and thinges of brasse… 2 Iron potts and pothooks to them… 1 fiershovell 1 frying pan 2 pothangers and one spitt… 6 woalen [probably “wooden”] trayes 1 churne 3 seives 1 bottle and a feirkin… 4 cheesfatts 1 tray and a platter… Iron work belonging to the waine [perhaps “wain”, a wagon or a cart]... 1 Grindeston… household ments… Corne…
According to the inventory of his estate, Kenelm died on September 12, 1672 MA24. He may have suffered from a prolonged illness, and he died in Salem, Essex County, Massachusetts, where he was buried on September 13, 1672 HO14, CU15, RO6, AN5. Kenelm may have been in Salem to visit his niece, Elizabeth Corwin, and it is possible that he went to Salem to obtain medical attention HO14.
After his death, in the court of Plymouth Colony on March 4, 1673/4, he and his brother, Josias, were mentioned in a list of ten individuals who had each finally received a parcel of one hundred acres apiece SH13. This process had begun in June 1662, but it wasn’t until 1671 that Lieutenant Peregrine White and John Nelson were able to begin to survey a plot of one thousand acres near the junction of the Teticutt and Namassekett (Teticut and Nemasket) rivers SH13. A stone monument, dedicated to the settlers at Green Harbor, is located in Marshfield. It was engraved with “In Memory of the Early Settlers at Green Harbor Marshfield”, as well as several dozen names, including Kenelm Winslow and his wife, Ellen.
Ellenor Newton ★ was born circa 1598 and was also known as “Ellen”, “Eleanor”, and even “Helene” AN5, HO14. She traveled on the ship Anne, helmed by William Peirce, from England to the New World in 1623 PA14, AN4. She was the sole voyager with the surname “Newton” on board PA14, and she was granted one acre in the Plymouth land division of 1623 AN4. Her acre of land was described as “this goeth in wth a corner by ye ponde” PU3. Other pilgrims received land which was positioned “beyond the brooke to Strawberie-hill” or property which abutted “the swampe & reed-ponde”, or lay “on the other side of the towne towards the eele-riuer” PU3.
Ellenor married John Adams of Plymouth and then married Kenelm Winslow HO14, AN4. John Adams had arrived in Plymouth two years before Ellenor on the Fortune PA14, and he also received one acre in the 1623 land division AN3. Ellen Newton and John Adams married circa 1625, and they were the parents of James, John, and Susan AN3, SH9.
James Adams was born before May 22, 1627 and married Frances Vassall, the daughter of William Vassall on June 15 or 16 or July 16, 1646 in Scituate, Massachusetts AN3.
John Adams was born after May 22, 1627 AN3. He first married Jane James on December 27, 1654 in Marshfield and second married Elizabeth by December 10, 1666 AN3.
Susan Adams was born sometime after May 22, 1627 AN3.
During the apportionment of cattle in 1627, the pilgrims were divided into groups of thirteen individuals, and each group was assigned to the care of specific cows AN3, PU3. John and “Eliner” Adams AN3 were in the sixth group, and were given a small black cow, the largest of the two steers, and two she-goats PU3. John died probably in the summer of 1633 (between July and October 1633) AN3. On November 11, 1633, Ellen appeared at the Court of Assistants to present an inventory of her late husband’s possessions, who died intestate SH9. “Widow Adams” was assessed nine shillings on March 27, 1634 for John’s harvest of one and a half bushels of corn SH9. Corn was rated at “vis p bushell” SH9, or six shillings per bushel. Most of the approximately eighty colonists on that same tax list were rated at nine, twelve, or eighteen shillings SH9.
After she married Kenelm in June 1634, she became the mother of four known children: Kenelm, Eleanor (Ellen), Nathaniel, and Job HO14, AN5, CU15.
Kenelm Winslow was born circa 1635 HO14, AN5, CU13 in Plymouth, Massachusetts.
Ellen or Eleanor Winslow married Samuel Baker in 1656 MA26 or on December 29, 1656 TO1 in Marshfield, Plymouth County, Massachusetts MA26, TO1. Eleanor and Samuel Baker were the parents of five children whose births were recorded in Marshfield, Plymouth County, Massachusetts MA26. These were Kenelm, born on March 22, 1657, Lydia, born on February 18, 1659, Elizabeth, born on March 18, 1661, Mercy, born or baptized on October 2, 1664, and Mary, born in 1667 MA26. She was mentioned in the will of her uncle, John Winslow, on March 12, 1673/4; John Winslow wrote “Item I give unto my kinswomen Eleanor Baker the Daughter of my Brother Kenelem Winslow five pounds to be paid her in goods by my overseers in convenient time after my decease” MA64. Ellen Baker, the wife of Samuel, died on August 27, 1676 in Marshfield, Plymouth County, Massachusetts MA26.
Nathaniel Winslow was born about 1638, according to his age at the time of his death as inscribed on his tombstone. Nathaniel Winslow married Faith Miller on August 3, 1664 in Marshfield, Plymouth County, Massachusetts MA26. Nathaniel and Faith Winslow were the parents of eight children whose births were recorded in Marshfield, Plymouth County, Massachusetts MA26. These were Faith, born on June 19, 1665, Nathaniel, born on July 29, 1667, James, born on August 16, 1669, Gilbert, born on July 11, 1673, Kenelm, born on July 11, 1675, Eleanor, born on July 2, 1677, Josiah, born on May 21, 1681, and Josiah, born on January 13, 1683 MA26. Nathaniel Winslow died at age eighty-one on December 1, 1719 and was buried at the Old Winslow Burying Ground in Marshfield, Plymouth County, Massachusetts; the inscription of his tombstone states “Here Lyes Buried the Body of Capt. NATHANIEL WINSLOW; Who Decd. Decem.br the 1st 1719 in the 81st Year of His Age”. A photo of the gravestone of Nathaniel Winslow can be viewed on the Find a Grave website.
Job Winslow was born about 1641 and married Ruth HO14. He was the father of six children whose births were recorded in Swansea, Bristol County, Massachusetts who were William, born on November 16, 1674, Oliver, born on February 20, 1676, Ruth, born on September 13, 1678, Richard, born on March 6, 1680, Hope, born on May 29, 1681, and Job, born on July 10, 1683 MA52. He was the father of five children whose births were recorded in Freetown, Bristol County, Massachusetts, who were James, born on May 9, 1687 FR19, Mary, born on April 1, 1689 FR19, MA20, George, born on January 2, 1690/1 FR19, Jonathan, born on November 22, 1692 FR19, and John, born on February 20, 1694/5 FR19. He was said to have been the father of Joseph and Elizabeth, whose births was not amongst the Swansea or Freetown records HO14. Job wrote his will on November 12, 1717 which mentioned his wife, Ruth, and his children, William, Oliver, Ruth, Richard, Job, Joseph, James, George, Jonathan, and Elizabeth HO14. Lieutenant Job Winslow died on July 14, 1720 in Freetown, Bristol County, Massachusetts FR19.
Ellenor gave her consent in court on October 26, 1647 to the sale of land sold by Kenelm to Samuell Sturdevant AN5, SH10. Ellen Winslow, the wife of Kenelm, died or was buried at age eighty-three on December 5, 1681 in Marshfield, Plymouth County, Massachusetts MA26. According to a list entitled “Deaths and Burials from the Early Records of Marshfield, Ms.” located in Mayflower Source Records, her burial occurred on December 5, 1661, but this is clearly a typographical error since she was recorded as “Ellen widow of Kenelm Winslow” (Kenelm died in 1672), and this was a chronological list which began in 1679 RO6.